Grand Naine:
Other state varieties: |
Soil :
Climate –
Wet lands:
Feb – April: Poovan, Rasthali, Monthan, Karpooravalli and Ney poovan
April – May: Nendran and Robusta
Garden lands
January – February and November – December.
Padugai lands
January – February and August – September.
Hill Banana
April – May (lower Palani hills); June – August (Sirumalai)
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No. of plants / ha Variety Spacing
Garden land Robusta, Nendran, Dwarf Cavendish 1.8 x 1.8 m 3086 / 4444 1.5 x 1.5 m
Wet land Poovan,Monthan, Rasthali,Neyvannan, Ney poovan 2.1 x 2.1 m 2267
Hill Virupakshi (Sirumalai), Namarai and Ladan 3.6 x 3.6 m 750
High density planting – 3 suckers / pit at a spacing of 1.8 x 3.6 m (4600 plants / ha).
Seed Rate
If the spacing of 1.8×1.5m is adopted, near about 1452plants fits per acre.
For spacing of 2mx2.5m, 800plants are accommodated in one acre.
Banana is a shallow rooted crop requires large quantity of water for increasing productivity.
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Fertilizer Requirement (gm/tree) MONTH UREA DAP MOP Application of urea@450gm (Nitrogen@200gm) and MOP@350g (K2O@210gm) is done in 5 equal splits. |
For maximizing productivity follow fertigation technique – Apply 25 litres of water / day + 200:30:300 g N: P2O5: K2O / plant using water soluble fertilizers.
For economizing the cost of fertilizers, fertigate using normal fertilizers (Urea and Muriate of potash) with 50% of the recommended dose along with recommended dose of phosphorus as basal at 2nd month after planting.
Fertigate at weekly intervals as per the following schedule:
Fertigation schedule
Weeks after planting | N (%) g/plant | P2O5 (%) g/plant | K2O (%)g/plant |
9-18 (10 weeks) | 40 | 65 | 60 |
19-30 (12 weeks) | 30 | 50 | 60 |
31-42 (12 weeks) | 30 | – | 60 |
43-45 (3 weeks) | 30 | – | 60 |
Total | 160 | 115 | 240 |
Application of FYM @ 10 kg + Neem cake @ 1.25 kg + Vermicompost @ 5 kg and Wood ash @ 1.75 kg / plant + Triple green manuring with sunnhemp (one time) and Cowpea (two times) + biofertilizers viz., AM @ 25g, Azospirillum @ 50 g, PSB @ 50 g andTrichoderma harzianum @ 50 g/ plant is recommended for organic cultivation of banana cv. Grand Naine.
The schedule for application of different components is as detailed below:
1. Basal: FYM and Neem cake.
2. After 3 months of planting: vermicompost
3. After 5 months of planting: Potassium as wood ash
4.Triple green manuring: Each manuring is done at 10 days interval, first with sunhemp for 45 days from planting and then twice with cowpea for 30 days
Pests
1) Rhizome weevil-
Symptoms–
2) Pseudostem borer –
Symptoms-
Management-
5) Thrips :
Symptoms of damage
Management-
6) Lace wing bugs :
Symptoms of damage
8) Castor hairy caterpillar: Pericallia ricini
Symptoms of damage-
Management
9) Cut worm: Spodoptera litura
Symptoms of damage-
Management-
10) Corm weevil & Stem weevil (Odoiporus longicollis)
Management-
Non-Insect Pest-
1.Giant African Snails (Achatina fulica Bowtich)
Symptoms-
Management-
Management-
2) Panama Disease (Fusarium wilt)
3.Banana Bract Virus
Symptom:
Management-
4.Anthracnose: Gloeosporium musarum |
Symptom:
Management-
5.Erwinia rot: Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carovora
Symptoms:
Management-
5.Infection chlorosis mosaic disease:
Symptoms-
Management-
1.Nitrogen Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure :
Foliar spray of urea 2% at weekly intervals till disappearance of the deficiency symptom.
2.Phosphorus Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure :
3.Potassium Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure
Foliar spray of KCl 2% at weekly interval till the symptom disappear.
4.Calcium Deficiency
Symptoms:
Corrective Measure
5.Magnesium Deficiency
Symptoms-Deficiencies usually occur while bananas have been grown for 10-12 years without magnesium fertilizer or where high amounts of potassium fertilizer have been given for a number of years.
Corrective Measure
6.Sulphur Deficiency
Symptoms –
Corrective Measure –Application of ammonium sulphate @ 100g/plant.
7.Boron Deficiency
Symptoms-
Corrective Measure
8.Copper Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure
9. Iron Deficiency
Symptoms :.
Corrective Measure
10.Manganese Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure
11.Zinc Deficiency
Symptoms :
Corrective Measure
The bunches will be ready for harvest after 12 to 15 months of planting
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Poovan & Rasthali : 40 – 50 t / ha
Monthan : 30 – 40 t / ha
Ney Poovan : 30 – 35 t / ha
Robusta : 50 – 60 t / ha
Grand Naine : 70 – 80 t / ha
Grand Naine uner HDP : 115-130 t / ha
Growing States: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Bihar.
Growing Districts: Coimbatore, Erode, Thoothukudi, Tirunelveli, Trichy, Vellore, Kanyakumari and Karur districts
Major Markets in Tamil Nadu:Trichy, Coimbatore, Theni
Preferred Varieties and Hybrids: Grand Naine, Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Rasthali, Poovan, Nendran, Red Banana, Ney Poovan, Pachanadan, Monthan, Karpuravalli, Neyrannan.
Grade Specification The hands are graded based on the number and size of fingers in each hand. Over ripe and injured fruits are discarded.
Banana is sent to the local market as bunches.