Red – First Red, Grand Gala, Red Corvette, Tajmahal.
Yellow – Aalsmeer Gold, Gold Strike, Skyline.
Pink – Noblesse, Flirt, Vivaldi.
Orange – Movie Star, Miracle, Tropical Amazon.
White – Ice Berg, Polo, Holly Wood, Avalanche, Tineke, Aloynica, Biyanka.
Fertile loamy soil with pH of 6 – 7.
Cut roses are commercially propagated by ‘T‘ budding on Briar rootstock.
Protected cultivation : 40 X 15 cm (7 plants/m2)
Open field cultivation : 60 x 60 cm (27,777 plants/ha) to 60 x 75 cm (22,222 plants/ha)
Soil is ploughed to fine tilth, flat beds are formed and suckers are planted at 45 x 45 cm spacing.
Protected cultivation : Drip irrigation with fertigation
Open field cultivation : Irrigate once in 5 to 7 days depending upon the soil moisture.
The following fertigation schedule can be adopted for an area of 1000 meter sq:
Crop stage Fertilizers Dosage Time interval
(No. of days)
First 15 days
after planting – – –
15-45 days
after planting
(establishment of plants) Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3)(21: 0 : 0)
Mono Ammonium Phosphate (12-61-0) Each 1 kg 2
Mono Potassium Phosphate (0-52-34)
Calcium Nitrate (CaNO3) (15.5% N, 18.8% Ca)
46-90 days
after planting Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) (21 : 0: 0) Each 2 kg 2
Mono Ammonium Phosphate (12-61-0)
Mono Potassium Phosphate (0-52-34)
Calcium Nitrate (CaNO3) (15.5% N, 18.8% Ca)
Copper, Zinc, Boron, Sulphur, EDTA, EDTHA Each 100 g
Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) 1 kg
91-116 days
after planting
(flower bud
formation to
harvest) Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) (21: 0:0) Each 3 kg
Mono Ammonium Phosphate (12:61:0)
Mono Potassium Phosphate (0-52-34) 2
Calcium Nitrate (15.5% N, 18.8% Ca)
Copper, Zinc, Boron, Sulphur, EDTA,EDTHA Each 100 g
Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) 1 kg
Training
Early training is essential for plants under polyhouse conditions. Some of the first growth which consists of blind shoots must not be cut or bent, but left upright. Buds appearing at early stages are removed. The second growth will come to flower again in four to five weeks. By then, the plants will be 50 to 60 cm high, which is necessary to have enough growing speed in the plant and to have enough foliage for bending.
Bending
The first bending (basal formation) is done on 35th day after planting. The main shoot is bent down so that lateral branches grow. The second bending is done after 2 years to strengthen the plants.
Shoot thinning
Periodically remove unproductive shoots and water suckers.
Pruning
Pruning is followed only under open conditions during the months of March and October.
Pinching
Pinching is done to regulate flowering. Most of the commercial cultivars take about fiveand-a-half to six weeks from pinching to produce flowers during summer and about eight weeks during winter
Pest
Rose chafer beetle
Hand pick Cetonid beetles and destroy during the day time. Set up light traps to attract Holotrichia and Anomala spp. Spray Hostothion @ 2 ml/l.
Red scale
Rub off the scales with cotton soaked in kerosene or diesel. Cut and burn the affected branches. Spray Malathion 50 EC @ 2 ml/l at the time of pruning and again during
March – April or apply Carbofuran 3G @ 5 g/plant or spray fish oil rosin soap @ 25 g/l.
Mealy bug
Spray dimethoate @ 2 ml/l or profenophos @ 2 ml/l or fish oil rosin soap @ 25 g/l.
Flower caterpillar
Helicoverpa armigera
Spray Ha NPV 1.5 x 1012 PIB/ha or spinosad @ 0.75 ml/l.
Spodoptera litura
Spray Sl NPV 1.5 x 1012 PIB/ha or spinosad @ 0.75 ml/l.
Bud worm
Spray thiochloprid 240 SC @ 2 ml/l or spinosad 45% @ 0.5 ml/l.
Thrips, aphids and leaf hoppers
Spray acetamiprid @ 0.3 g/l or carbofuran 3G @ 5 g/plant. Spray neem oil @ 3 % or phosalone 35 EC @ 2 ml/l.
Black spot: Spray carbendazim @ 1 g/l or azoxystrobin @ 1ml/l twice at fortnightly intervals.
Powdery mildew: Spray carbendazim @1 g/l or wettable sulphur at 2 g/l or azoxystrobin@ 1 ml/l.
Harvest the buds at tight bud stage with 60-90 cm long stems. Ensure that the foliage on the cut stem is healthy.
Under poly house
1st year : 100-120 flowers/meter sq.
2nd year : 200-240 flowers/meter square
3rd year : 300-360 flowers/meter sq.